Anoctamin-2-specific T cells link Epstein-Barr virus to multiple sclerosis

Thomas OG et al. demonstrated T cell responses against anoctamin-2 (ANO2) occurring in over half of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. These ANO2-specific T cells cross-react with EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1), and ANO2 immunization or ANO2-specific T cell transfer in mice leads to worsening of the MS animal model. This work is extremely important because it could reveal the link between EBV and the neuroimmune response in MS patients.